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如何撰写出国留学申请文书
1、明确要点:各校要求有不同
首先需要明确的是:Essay并不是每个留学生必写的内容!不同学校及专业对Essay和陈述内容规定的问题要求往往不尽相同。除了Common Application系统要求的两篇Essay保持不变以外,各学校的Essay题目历年也都会有所变化。部分学校还可能对字数或页数有所限制,或要求提供“个人陈述”。
Common Application:通用申请,是美国大学本科入学网上的一站式网站,适用于包括哈佛,耶鲁,普林斯顿等名校在内的美国大学。它的使命是帮助申请人(包括美国本土和国际申请人)一次性,一站式地进行原本繁琐地大学申请流程,倡导全面评估申请人的成就和潜力,平衡主客观考察因素。
其次,不同学校对文书的内容和语言标准要求不要一样。代表最高要求的常青藤类大学不仅关注文书的内容,还看重文书的语言质量,甚至是家庭背景。如果学生的申请Essay接近SAT阅读文章的写作风格和用词风格,在申请中会更占优势。
申请TOP35的大学,最重要的是内容本身,文书要点应落在用经历展现自身的能力上。Essay要求准确表达申请人的思想内容,对于语言质量要求稍低,允许有中国英语的痕迹,甚至是通篇简单句和单词都可以获得录取。
TOP50的大学对文书的要求呈现多样化趋势,偏好的文书风格各不相同。其中加州的大学,更倾向于学生文书中展现的多样化能力。因此,学生在申请学校时可以事先参考了解往年录取考生的Essay,在此基础上修改更正。此外,在申请西部学校的时候,优秀的文书意味着会有很大的机会获得破格录取的资格。
2、头脑风暴:Essay构思很重要
申请Essay的一大作用就是展示你的个性和经历,通过对自身价值观的塑造,兴趣、经历和重要成就的简述,展示你与同一背景中的其他人有何不同。能否让招生官对你有一个较为清楚的认识,并对你的故事产生期待更多了解的好奇心,正是评估和判断录取你对学校来说是否有价值的重要参考值之一。突出性每一篇成功的essay,都是独具特色的自我展示。申请Essay需要明确行文的要点,成功的论述不能脱离文章的中心思想。Essay并非罗列自身的全部优势,过于全面,没有重点的描述会使文章枯燥冗长。因此,学生应该重视文章的深度,而非广度,把主要精力投入在一两个主题或经历上,最好涉及人生主要成就,重要转折点,选择最有意义,最能引起读者共鸣的一两则细节下笔。此外,事件描述并不是文章的全部,学生需要着重描写经历背后内心的感悟或带来的影响。在文章篇幅上,如果没有特殊的要求,建议保持700字左右。适中的篇幅不会给审阅者带来阅读上的压力,也避免了态度不端正的误解,让你的文章变得简捷而方便阅读。
3、连贯性
申请Essay是最受学生自我控制的部分,因此更具有弹性和粘合性。申请材料更像是人生的细小碎片,你需要通过Essay整合串联起这些片段信息,给审阅者传达一段完整的,有目标的人生经历,而这个目标就是你选择这所大学的有力佐证和说明。因此,Essay的叙述需要有一条明确的逻辑线,脉络清晰,故事发展自然顺畅。尽量避免插叙,会显得重点模糊,思维混乱。最后,如果在Essay中无法完整的表述自己,也可以通过其他部分补充详细内容。说明性说明性是美国大学教育中定义学术写作的一个要义。申请Essay的目标是让审阅者理解你所希望表达的内容和想法,因此,简单粗暴的描述你的经历,真实直接的表达你的情感。过于晦涩的隐喻,让人“看不懂”并不是显示文章深度的有效方式。其中,细节说明能让你的作品更具真实性。对于要表述的内容,想要表达的思想要精确的表达出来,感染到读者,让读者信服,从而体现文章的真实性。
4、行文技巧:好想法难下笔?
开放式开头招生官们阅卷无数,一个模版式开头只会瞬间降低印象分,因此,你需要一个有新意的开头。譬如:“I had never broken into a car before.我站在车边准备破车而入,”这段话只有短短的8个字,但是包含了很多重要的信息:人物,地点,和事件。抛出一段不同寻常的“违法经历”,令人对故事走向充满好奇。这种一句式段落的使用在文章的开头结尾处十分出彩,帮助吸引读者的注意力。学术性语句表达中国学生很爱用长句和复杂的单词展示词汇积累和语言水平,但实际上,重要的使内容和想法,而不是传统的写作技巧。过于华丽的词藻在美式写作中会被认为是一种干扰,使学生不能准确抓住文章的中心。但这并不表示文章完全平铺直叙,相反,善加运用修辞手法可以使Essay变得更加易懂而充满个人色彩,比喻和拟人可以帮助你形象生动的描述抽象的事物或感受,引起读者的共鸣。
在行文中,学生要学会变换句子的长短。站在阅读者的角度思考,你更倾向于阅读什么样的文章?如果你已经连续用了几个长句,那么插入一个短句能给读者一个停顿的时间。句式多样化能够使你的短文更容易懂,因而也更容易让人记住。
细节显示态度文章书写和单词的准确表达都十分重要,每个英文单词的拼写,包括语法,标点符号使用等细节都需要格外关注。因为这些细节往往是招生官们判断你的态度是否认真的一个重要原则。
5、反复修改出真知
Essay一般都有字数上的限制,想在有限的字数里归纳出更多重要有效的信息,让每个字都发挥其作用还是有一定难度的。当一篇文章写好之后,一定要回头仔细阅读,认真推敲每个句子,同时也可以给自己的朋友和老师看,让他们也多提意见。当然,对于修改意见也要加以甄别和筛选,不能盲从。一篇好的文章是需要反复多次修改才能“完美”呈现出来的。如果请你的外国老师或朋友进行修改,也不要过分追求文字达到native speaker的水平,非母语的申请者可能会被怀疑文章的真实性。

出国留学商科申请essay怎么写
对于想要申请国外名校商科的同学来说,写好商科essay是非常关键的,要怎么写商科essay呢?为大家整理写作的相关信息,以及写作的范文,大家可以来参考一下。
一、写作方向
为什么要读此专业?即学习动机。举例说明对这个专业的认识,目前的发展背景,以及以后的发展潜力。比如说,申请金融,目前经济形势下对金融人才的需求,金融业发展趋势等,以后的发展会怎样,所以我很向往。
之前在该领域有什么经历?这个内容的作用在于让人相信你能够胜任某专业的学习,也进一步加强了学习动机。另外,你的经历要与你的申请目标项目想匹配,正因为你有相关的经历,录取委员会认为你能够胜任以后的学习,并且在这方面发展的决心。通过这些经历你具体有哪些方面的能力和潜质,而这些能力正是这个专业的学生所应该具备和掌握的。比如,有过500强企业的实习,有在投资公司,证券公司的相关实践经历,肯定会给你的申请加分。
长短期职业目标。即毕业之后的计划,进入哪种行业,从事什么类型的工作,公司类型,职位细分等。职业目标既要体现一定的雄心或高瞻远瞩,又要注重切实可行。在这里,如果不是很清楚的话,可以站在行业leader的角度看问题,这样的话就可以看到自己以后未来的发展目标。通过你的描述要让录取委员会的老师看到,以后5-10年,你会是什么样子的。
二、写作误区
命题作文写成了议论文
Essay是让申请者讲自己的故事,而不是通篇发表自己的观点。
许多学生容易陷入这个坑,例如在整篇文章中都谈论“失败的意义”。
要记住的是,谁的观点特别不重要,谁的故事更贴切命题和打动人更重要。
观点是容易重叠的,例如,一千个人当中999人都会认同“失败是成功之母”,而这一千个人的失败故事却各有各的精彩。
题目是如何要求的,我们就切题地去准备写作。
不需要标新立异在每个段落都陈述自己的观点,而是要让学校看到我们真实地去写只属于自己的故事。
简言之,任何故事不落地到自己的现实状况都是不合适的essay。
故事逻辑混乱
Essay类型多种多样,有让写成功经历的,有让写职业展望的,还有让写团队合作或者项目经历的。
无论是什么样的题目,学生们都容易陷入直接提笔开写的坑,而没有先规划好写作的逻辑。
一个好的故事如同一个引人入胜的剧本,有背景陈述,有高潮迭起,有引入反思的结尾。
一个段落内,句子与句子间有紧密的逻辑联系;段落与段落间,也能让招生官能轻易地掌握文章的衔接逻辑。
这样的Essay,才是好的essay。
记流水账而没有深度
Essay是让我们讲自己的故事,一次最终克服的挑战也好,一次带队成功的经历也好,故事是好写的,但写得多就容易陷入流水账的坑。
不少学生从这个故事是如何发生的开始讲,洋洋洒洒几大段落出去了,以为完整的故事却落得“没有深度”的坑。
“深度”正是展现我们思想的好机会,如果我们对已经发生的经历没有反思,没有自己独立的思考,那么写essay和写日记有什么区别呢?
所以,我们需要去把故事里的核心思想体现出来,用我们自己的语言去表达出原创独到的观点和见解,这是一篇好essay的必要元素。
数越多越有诚意
这是很多初次写essay的同学容易犯的错误。
是不是字数越多越好呢?其实不然。每个字每个词自然有它存在的意义。
华丽的文字固然让人眼前一亮,但堆砌而成的拥有华丽外表的文章却显得空洞且不真诚。
写essay时,应该始终记住:Less is More,少即是多。
精炼的文章比冗长的文章更加耐人寻味,对语言的要求也更高。
三、写作范文
What else would I like you to know?
I am who I am today mostly because of my brother [name]. [name] was born when I was four years old, and he had an extremely rare birth defect called Robert's Syndrome. At the time, he was one of a handful in the world to have it. He was born without arms, couldn't walk or talk, and had many other severe physical and mental defects. It was a complete shock to my parents. He was only expected to live for a day or two, but after a few weeks in the hospital he was healthy enough to come home with us. I was too young to really understand what was going on; I was just excited to have a brother.
[name] was a full-time job for us. For his entire life he was incapable of doing anything for himself. My parents and I didn't have much, but we did have an amazing family and group of friends to support us. We couldn't have taken care of [name] without all of them, and seeing this level of sacrifice from so many people had a huge impact on me. No one ever complained. No one ever hesitated. We just did what we had to, and I saw first-hand at a young age how important it is to work together and help those around you. And our family (extended included), became so much closer because of how we came together for [name], and that closeness still holds today.
[name] ended up living for about four years, and I'm so grateful for the lessons I learned from him. My generosity, kindness, team work, and independence, come directly from him being in my life. And learning to deal with that level of stress and responsibility made me a much, much stronger person than I would have been without.
So my family and I have carried [name]'s memory with us since he passed in the form of giving to others. About ten years ago, we started a charity called [institution], whose purpose is to supply beds and bedding to children in our area who are without. The thought was that [name] spent most of his life in bed, and if we hadn't had a decent one for him his life would have been so uncomfortable. As of this year, we have supplied almost [number] kids with mattresses, blankets, and stuffed animals, and each year we are able to help more and more children.
This mentality of service has been a big part of my life since we started [institution], and as I got older I wanted to start branching out to new service opportunities. And let me tell you, [city] has been a great place to start. This city has made a serious impression on me. Anyone who's from here either loves it or hates it, but either way, [city] is the kind of place that defines a person. [city] is the underdog, full of unrealized potential. Living in a place like this has opened my eyes to the heartache of missed opportunities (not even mentioning our sports teams…), and it's because of this that I've become so involved in the community. I've been able to work with so many very smart, driven people, and together we've done a lot to make a positive impact. My work with the [institution] has allowed me to help raise over [number] for small, local NFPs, and my work with the [institution] has complemented that with a more hands-on, service based focus. And being a Big Brother through [institution] has allowed me to make a lasting, consistent impact in a more focused way.
All of these, together with working for a commercial bank, have given me a very satisfying life balance. I'm able to do so many things, and able to make a tangible impact in each of them. But sometimes I do so much that I don't take the time to stop and look around – to process what's happening. This was missing in my life. I know that the path I'd been taking was the right one for me, I'd just never truly felt ready to move on to the next phase.
This changed this past summer when I did my first [event]. If you're not familiar with this, it's a [number] mile swim followed by a [number] mile bike and then a [number] mile run. Still seems nuts to me. I'd never done a triathlon of any kind before I signed up for this, but was so overwhelmed by watching my friend compete in the same one the year before. I'll never forget the moment: I was watching a quadriplegic go up the final – and largest – hill in his wheelchair, sweating, grunting, and crying. And finishing. I'm pretty sure everyone watching that was crying; it was one of the most moving things I'd ever seen. So I signed up.
Training for this requires a serious amount of time, most of which you're alone with your thoughts (no music allowed during the race, so you train without). Eight hours biking, five running, and two swimming, each week for seven months, is so mentally taxing, and your mind goes to some new places. I started reflecting a lot, and really began to understand the choices I've made and the impact they've had. I thought a lot about where I was in life, why I was there, and what I would have done differently along the way. I thought about what I wanted for my future, not just career-wise, but in order to be happy. And it's not so much that my views changed from this experience, but I feel like I've gained a new level of clarity. I'm much more confident in my life goals, and can pursue them with pride and conviction.
I'm now ready to move on to the next phase of my life, and am very excited to do so.

留学Essay写作常见错误解析
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Essay作业常见误区:
1、语法不重要
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2、告别拖延症
3、越复杂越好
4、将中文资料翻译后引用
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